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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. E. MARTIN.

FIRE HYDRANT.

No. 590 269. Patented Sept. 21,1891.

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6 M. s ww a UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE E. MARTIN, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE PRATT & CADYCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

Fl RE-HYDRANT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,269, datedSeptember 21, 1897.

' Application filed March 9, 1897. Serial No. 626,584. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, GEORGE E. MARTIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State ofConnecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFire-Hydrants, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a fire -hydrant which has its working parts soarranged that they can be taken out and renewed when necessary withoutremoving the post or disturbing the connections with the water-pipe.

The object of the invention is the production of a hydrant of thisnature having a very simple and inexpensive construction that willpermit the ready removal of the valve and valve-seat when the cap of thepost is removed, that will always shut tightly and remain shut shouldthe post by accident become damaged or broken oil", and that will drainitself, so as to obviate all liability of freezing.

On the accompanying sheets of drawings, Figure 1 shows a side elevationof a fire-hydrant embodying the invention. Fig. 2 shows a verticalsection of the same. Fig. 3 shows an edge view of the valve andvalve-seat removed from the hydrant. Fig. 4 shows a side view of theremoved valve and valve-seat. Fig. 5 shows a plan of the valve-seat.Fig. 6 shows a bottom view of the valve, and Fig. 7 shows a view of thetool employed to remove the valve and valve-seat from the hydrant.

The inlet end of the valve-casing 1 may be formed in any common mannerfor attachment to the water-pipe, and the outlet end of the casing maybe flanged for connectionwith the flanged end of the tubularhydrant-post 2. On the upper end of the post is secured the ordinarycrown-cap 3, and projecting from the post near the. upper end are anynumber of the usual hose-nozzles provided with common nozzle-caps.

The valve-casing is usually cast to shape of a base metal, as iron, andaround the outlet-opening through the casing is located a bushing 4, offiner metal, as brass. This bushing, which is preferably cast securelyin position so that it will not move, is threaded face of the seat-ringin order that the yoke may adjust itself to an yirregularity ofalinement and not cause the parts to bind should they for any reasonbecome bent; but of course the ends of the yoke may be secured firmly tothe seat-ring, if desired, without departing from the invention. Theshank of the valve-screw 9 extends through the perforat-ion in the yokeand is loosely held to the yoke by the collars 10 and 11.

Supported by the screw is the valve-block 1 2. This block may be formedof hard metal, and a bushing 13, of soft metal, as brass, may beprovided with screw-threads and secured in the central perforation ofthe block. The lower end of the valve-block may be provided with lugs14, that are adapted to engage the guides 15 on the interior walls ofthe casing for preventing the block from rotating when the screw isturned. The upper end of the valve-block, which is shaped to correspondwith the valve-seat on the lower edge of the seat-ring, may'be providedwith a groove for the packing 16, which packing may be formed ofasbestos composition or of any suitable metal. Turning the screw in onedirection causes the valve-block to be lowered away from the seat-ringand turning the screw in the opposite direct-ion causes the valve-blockto be raised toward the seat-ring, so that the packing will make a tightjoint against the seat.

The collar 10 has a square recess in its upper end, and in this recessloosely rests the lower end of the square spindle 17. The upper end ofthis spindle extends into a square recess in the inner end of thespindle-arbor 18, the outer end of which bears the nut to which thehandle-wrench is applied for open-,

ing and closing the valve. The spindle-arbor passes through the usualcheck-nut l9 and the packing -bushing 20' in the top of the post-cap.

The spindle near the upper end of the post is provided with ascrew-thread, and upon this is fitted a threaded sleeve 21, having anarm 22, that is connected near the wall of the post with a rod #3, thatextends down the side of the post into a small chamber. At the lower endthis red terminates near the dripoutlet 24:, made through the side ofthe post adjacent to the junction of the post with the valve-casing.

When the spindle-arbor and spindle are rotated in a direction to movethe valve downward from the seat and open the passage to permit the flowof water, the upper screw moves the-sleeve, arm, and rod clownward, sothat the lower end of the rod is caused to close the drip-outlet andprevent the outflow through it of any water, but when the spindle-arborand spindle are rotated in the reverse direction, so as to cause thevalve to move upward against its seat and close the passage, the sleeve,arm, and rod are moved upward, so that the drip-outlet is opened for theescape of the water that is in the hydrantpost after the valve is shut.The drip-outlet is of course drained or piped in the usual manner.

After the hydrant-post is set in the ground and the valve-casing isconnected with the water-main the valve and valve-seat may be located inposition or removed from position from the surface without in any mannerdisturbing the post or the connections. The valve and valve-seat, asillustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, may be lowered into the casing, and thenby means of the tool shown in Fig. '7 the seat, with the valve, can bescrewed into the threaded retaining-ring in the outlet of the casing.The spindle is placed in position with its lower end loosely resting inthe square recess in the collar on the shank of the valve-screw, andafter the spindle-arbor is loosely placed on the upper end of thespindle the cap may be secured in place on the post. To remove the valveand seat, it is only necessary to take off the cap, lift out thespindle, and unscrew the valve seat by means of the tool mentioned. Thenthe seat and valve which it supports can be lifted out of the post.

This construction is very simple and inexpensive to manufacture and puttogether. It is exceedingly easy and convenient to remove from and placein position the valve and valveseat, so that eitheror both of theseparts can be renewed or replaced when necessary.

With the construction set forth the heavy parts of the hydrant can beformed of a cheap base metal and the working parts, which have aparticular construction, may be formed of a finer metal that will notrust or corrode and get into such condition that the functions of theconstructions cannot be carried out.

If the post of this hydrant becomes damaged or broken off by accident,the spindle will draw out of its socket without damaging or jamming thevalve and without loosening the valve, so as to allow the escape ofwater.

A new spindle can be readily substituted for one that is broken or bent,and any slight irregularity of alinement will be no detriment on accountof the lateral movement of the supporting-yoke that is connected to theseatring.

The post of this hydrant will readily drain itself, and thedraining-valve can be easily removed or adjusted when necessary.

I claim as my invention 1. In a hydrant, in combination with a casin g,post and cap cast to shape of a base metal, a bushing of finer metalcast in the outlet end of the casing and provided with threads in itsinner wall, a removable seat-ring with threads on its periphery screwedinto the threads in the bushing, a yoke projecting upwardly from theseat-ring, a valve-screw loosely supported by theyoke, a valve mountedupon the screw, and a spindle for rotating the screw, substantially asspecified.

2. In a hydrant, in combination with the casing, post and cap, aremovable seat-ring having screw-threads on its periphery and lugsprojecting from its upper face, a yoke loosely held by the lugs, avalve-screw loosely supported by the yoke, a valve mounted upon thescrew, and a spindle for rotatin g the screw, substantially asspecified.

3. In a hydrant, in combination with the casing, post and cap, aremovable seat-ring, a yoke loosely connected with the seat-ring, avalve-screw loosely supported by the yoke, a valve mounted upon thescrew, and a spindle for rotating the screw, substantially as specified.i

4. .In a hydrant, in combination with the casing, post and cap, aremovable seat-ring, a valve-screw loosely supported by a part connectedwith the seat-ring, a valve mounted upon the screw, a spindle forrotating the screw, a sleeve borne by a threaded part of the spindle,and a rod connected with the sleeve and adapted to close the drip-outletas the spindle is rotated to open the valve and adapted to open thedrip-outlet as the spindle is rotated to close the valve, substantiallyas specified.

5. In a hydrant, in combination with the casing, post and cap, aremovable seat-ring, a valve-screw loosely supported by a part connectedwith the seat-ring, a valve mounted spindle and projecting through thecap, substantia-lly as specified.

I GEO. E. MARTIN. lVitnesses:

ERNEST CADY, HARRY R. WILLIAMS.

